Women with vulval pruritus commonly attend gynaecology clinics for diagnosis and management. A successful outcome relies on a detailed history and clinical examination. Vulval biopsies are useful where the diagnosis is in doubt or when there is induration or persistent erosions on the vulval skin. This review focuses on patient assessment and the general management of patients with vulval complaints. Specific causes will be covered including candidiasis, lichen sclerosus, contact dermatitis, tinea infections, vulval intraepithelial neoplasia, lichen simplex chronicus and psoriasis.