Long-term consequence of polycystic ovarian syndrome

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal disorders affecting women, although the true incidence and pathophysiology have yet to be determined. A diagnosis of PCOS is likely to be associated with an increased long-term risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, especially in obese women. The evidence base for a causal relationship between cancer risk and PCOS is weak. Lifestyle changes leading to weight loss is the most effective treatment in these patients. There is insufficient evidence for the use of metformin or surgical interventions such as ovarian drilling in preventing the long-term effects of PCOS.